Iphigenia, Phaedra, Athaliah by Jean Racine (Penguin Classics)

“Iphigenia, Phaedra, Athaliah” is a collection of three classical tragedies written by the renowned French playwright Jean Racine. These plays are celebrated for their poetic language, emotional intensity, and exploration of themes related to fate, passion, and the complexities of human nature. Here’s an overview of each of these plays:

1. Iphigenia: “Iphigenia” is based on the Greek myth of Iphigenia, the daughter of Agamemnon, who is sacrificed to the goddess Artemis to appease the gods and ensure a favorable wind for the Greek fleet during the Trojan War. Racine’s adaptation delves into the emotional turmoil and moral dilemmas faced by the characters, particularly Agamemnon and his wife, Clytemnestra, as they grapple with the tragic fate of their daughter.
2. Phaedra: “Phaedra” is a tragedy that explores the forbidden love of Phaedra, the wife of King Theseus, for her stepson Hippolytus. This play delves into the themes of illicit passion, guilt, and the destructive consequences of unrequited love. Racine’s portrayal of Phaedra’s internal struggles and the tragic chain of events that unfolds is a testament to his skill in depicting human emotions.
3. Athaliah: “Athaliah” is a biblical tragedy based on the story of Athaliah, the queen who usurped the throne of Judah in the Old Testament. The play revolves around themes of political intrigue, religious conflict, and the fate of a nation. It explores the power struggles within the royal court and the clash between religious devotion and political ambition.

Jean Racine’s mastery of classical tragedy and his ability to create compelling characters and dramatic tension are evident in these three plays. “Iphigenia, Phaedra, Athaliah” showcases his talent for adapting classical myths and biblical stories into powerful and emotionally resonant theatrical works that continue to be appreciated for their timeless themes and enduring impact on the world of drama.