Science in History: Volume 4 The Social Sciences Conclusion by JD Bernal

“Science in History: Volume 4 The Social Sciences Conclusion” is the final volume of a four-volume series by the British scientist and historian J.D. Bernal. The book was first published in 1953 and explores the development of the social sciences, including sociology, psychology, economics, and anthropology, from the ancient world to the mid-twentieth century.

In this book, Bernal argues that the social sciences are fundamentally different from the natural sciences, and that they require a different methodology and approach. He examines the ways in which social scientists have attempted to understand and explain human behavior, and critiques their various approaches and theories.

Bernal also discusses the role of science in society and the potential of the social sciences to shape and improve human life. He explores the relationship between science and politics, and the ethical implications of scientific research and discovery.

Overall, “Science in History: Volume 4 The Social Sciences Conclusion” is a comprehensive and thought-provoking work that offers a broad survey of the social sciences and their development over time. Bernal’s insights and critiques remain relevant to contemporary debates in the social sciences and beyond.