The Rubaiyat by Omar Khayyam

“The Rubaiyat” is a collection of poems written by the Persian mathematician, astronomer, and poet Omar Khayyam. The term “Rubaiyat” is derived from the Persian word “Rubaiyat,” which means “quatrains” or “four-line verses.” The collection consists of a series of quatrains, or four-line stanzas, and it is known for its philosophical and lyrical content.

Omar Khayyam lived during the 11th and 12th centuries in what is now Iran. He is renowned for his contributions to mathematics, particularly his work on algebra and the development of the calendar. However, he is perhaps most celebrated in the literary world for “The Rubaiyat.”

The themes of “The Rubaiyat” are diverse and encompass topics such as the transience of life, the pursuit of pleasure, the impermanence of material possessions, and the quest for meaning and knowledge. Many of the verses reflect a carpe diem philosophy, encouraging readers to seize the moment and enjoy life’s pleasures while they last.

The most famous translation of “The Rubaiyat” into English was done by Edward FitzGerald in the 19th century. FitzGerald’s translation, published in 1859, introduced the work to a Western audience and became immensely popular. It is important to note that FitzGerald’s translation is considered a free adaptation rather than a strict literal translation, and he added his own poetic sensibilities to the verses.